Agaricus blazei Murrill (AbM). It is known as Cogumelo do sol or medicinel in Brazil, Himematsutake, Agarikusutake or Kawarihiratake in Japan, and Ji Song Rong in China. Today, it is widely used in Asian countries, both as an edible mushroom, regarded as a functional food, and as a medicinal extract for natural therapy, mainly for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis, hepatitis, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, dermatitis, and cancer. Components in mushrooms, such as ergosterol from the acid-treated fraction, may inhibit tumor initiation or progression by exerting direct cytotoxicity on tumor cells, interfering with tumor angiogenesis, or upregulating other non-immune tumor suppressor mechanisms. Compounds contained in mushroom extracts may regulate tumorigenesis at different stages and/or act through different mechanisms at the same stage. Therefore, such compounds may play additive or even synergistic roles in the prevention and treatment of cancer.