Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), also known as Persian vegetable, red root vegetable, parrot vegetable, etc., belongs to the family Chenopodiaceae. Spinach is an annual herbaceous plant. Spinach has high nutritional value and is considered one of the healthiest vegetables in human diet, which can be cooked or used as a vegetable salad. Spinach is rich in vitamin A, vitamin C, and minerals, especially vitamin A and vitamin C, which rank first among all vegetables. The iron content of the hematopoietic substance in the human body is also higher than other vegetables. It has special therapeutic effects on gastrointestinal disorders, constipation, gout, skin diseases, various neurological disorders, anemia, and other diseases....